Category: Tech Career

The Advantages Of Being Self-Taught

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At a recent meetup event I was conversing with a small group of attendees, one of whom was an aspiring self-taught mobile developer. He was passionate and enthusiastic, but there was some doubt in his mind. He’d been following our conversation which to that point had been filled with tech-related jargon, and admitted that he was struggling to keep up. He feared that his lack of experience, or of a CS degree, meant that he was at a major disadvantage when it came to finding his first tech job.

Having been in the exact same position a year ago, the conversation led me to a realisation that none of these ‘disadvantages’ ended up being detrimental to my career prospects. To the contrary, I believe there are several advantages to being a self-taught developer.

Communication skills

An agile tech team is rarely made up purely of developers. Not only must you know how to code, but you will often need to explain complex technical problems to product managers, BAs and, depending on the size of your company, sales, marketing and even clients and customers. Within a development environment it’s easy to spend 99% of your time communicating with other developers who already have a deep understanding of your challenges. There aren’t many opportunities to gain experience in adapting your language to fit the vocabulary of your non-dev peers.

If you’re self taught, it’s likely that you’ve spent time in another industry. And whether that was serving customers in a retail outlet or presenting statistics to a room of people, you’ve already gained a huge amount of invaluable experience in being able to empathise and communicate with people from a variety of backgrounds, making it easier to keep the whole team aware of what you’re doing and why, and be able to ask questions so that you can fully understand the requirements of the business.

Learning faster

Author Malcolm Gladwell popularised the theory that it takes 10,000 hours of practice and hard work to become an expert in anything. It’s a shaky and strongly challenged theory, but the mantra ‘practice makes perfect’ has been applied to many subjects. If you apply this to teaching yourself how to code, you would expect that the time you’re putting into learning means that you’re becoming a better coder over time. What might be less obvious is that you’re also teaching yourself how to learn. You’re not following a text book cover to cover, or struggling to meet a submission deadline. You’re developing your own learning rhythm, figuring out how to grasp difficult concepts quickly, learning how to find answers to questions without the benefit of a tutor or mentor. You’re making mistakes, lots of them, and instead of having them pointed out to you, you’re experiencing their consequences and learning how to adapt to those failures.

Once you get your first tech job, you’ll be thrown head-first into things you aren’t prepared for. But the time you’ve invested in learning how to learn means that you’ll adapt quickly and be up on your feet in no time at all.

Vocational skills

I’ve spent a lot of time working with computer science graduates, either during their ‘year in industry’ or as part of a graduate employment programme. What continues to surprise me is that almost none of their university courses seem to teach the fundamental vocational skills that almost every developer needs when working within a company. They learn complex algorithms and concepts such as turing completeness, but they’re not strongly encouraged to learn things like version control, unit testing, DevOps, or how to write clean, maintainable code.

The self-taught approach leaves you without a nice juicy qualification with which to pad out your CV, so the alternative approach is to build a portfolio of published work, either having released apps to production or published your code on GitHub (ideally both). If you’ve published your own apps then you’ve had to learn the entire process, from File -> New all the way to deployment. And to maintain a portfolio on GitHub requires at least a basic level of knowledge around version control. You come up against a lot of the challenges that companies face when trying to bring a product to market, so once you’re in a job, you’ll hit the ground running on lots of these things.

Job satisfaction

The most likely reason for wanting to pursue a career in software development is because you have a real passion for coding. Teaching yourself to code is not easy, and you’ll only stick with it if you enjoy it deeply. If you get to the stage where you want to turn your hobby into your career, then getting that first job is made all the sweeter; You’ve sacrificed so much of your free time to become an awesome coder and now here you are, getting paid for doing something you love. It’s an incredible feeling, and it inspires you to do awesome work. It makes you extremely valuable to employers.

Have I missed anything out? Share your own experiences, I’d love to hear them!

My First Six Months in Software Development

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When I started writing for this blog, I had just come to the end of a 3-month voluntary unemployment period, during which time I had worked hard on building up a portfolio of work that eventually led to landing my first tech job. At the time, I wrote about that journey with the aim of supporting and encouraging others considering a similar path.

Six months have passed since I took my first step onto the tech career ladder, and although it hasn’t been long, I’ve learned a huge amount that I couldn’t possibly have known before I took myself down this rabbit hole. With the benefit of hindsight, I’ve collected some observations and tips for the benefit and interest of anyone hoping to take a similar path.

Asking for help

You’ve just convinced a company to hire you, and now that you’ve started, you might feel that not knowing what you’re doing is a very bad start. Before I landed my first gig, I’d taught myself to write (and had published several) mobile apps, and I thought that I was coming into the job with a wide range of useful skills that would see me hit the ground runnin. Yet after just one day, I felt totally overwhelmed. Almost immediately, I was knee-deep in advanced Git commands, Kibana queries, setting up build servers, understanding cloud architectures, managing CI, Calabash UI tests, and so on, and so on.

Fortunately, there was no shortage of colleagues and mentors whom were more than happy to help get me on my feet. And I’ve since spoken with many other junior devs from other companies who have had a similar experience, so thankfully it seems endemic to the industry, not just my company. It doesn’t make sense to suffer in silence. Your team wants you to succeed, and understands that you won’t know everything, so they see the benefit in answering any questions you have. One particular colleague responded to my apologies for asking stupid questions with “there is no such thing as a stupid question here, only stupid answers”, and that’s resonated with me since, as I continue to soak up as much knowledge from my team as I can.

So ask, and keep asking. It’s expected of you.

The learning curve

As I alluded to in the previous section, be prepared for a very sharp spike in your learning curve. There will be a huge amount to learn not just on your first day, but constantly, as you and your team look into using new technologies or better utilise ones you’re already using.

You can give yourself a little bit of a head-start. Learn version control thoroughly, as you’ll be collaborating with other people on the same code repos, so you’ll need to get familiar with branching and making pull requests. Make sure you’ve studied unit testing, because the code you write to test your apps is more important than the code you write to build your features. Learn about mocking frameworks and experiment with different unit testing frameworks, dependent on your technology of choice. Learn to read and understand stack traces, so that you’ll be able to track down bugs easier.

But even if you master all of the above, you ain’t seen nothin’ yet. You need to be prepared for – and be excited by – the prospect of having to learn new things every day.

Imposter Syndrome

Thinking back to my first few days, I remember feeling that I’d managed to convince my new employer that I could actually do a job that I was in fact massively unqualified to do. I thought it was just a matter of time before I was found out, and politely escorted to the exit.

It turns out that a lot of people feel this way, and a lot of the time, I still do. It’s something that I’ve realised I should get used to. With technology improving and evolving faster than ever, the fact is that you’ll probably never become a master of your domain. There’s always way too much more to learn and understand. New frameworks, new ways of thinking, even new platforms. Everyone in your team, from seniors to mid-levels to you, are going through the same thing. It’s just a part of the job, so don’t worry about feeling like you don’t know everything. Because you never will. And that’s OK!

The gender gap

Before I moved into tech, I had been working in the media industry. At all of the places I had worked, women were very well represented – at my previous company, the entire workforce was 55% female, most of my successive line managers were female, and the same was reflected right up to the exec team (I’m only talking about employment figures here – I have no idea about salaries). This was immensely positive and I strongly believe it played a huge role in the company’s impressive successes.

Before I got into tech, I had heard about the under-representation of women in development/engineering roles. But it was still a shock when I attended my first engineering all-hands, where in a room packed with people, I could count the number of women in the room with just my fingers. There are very talented women in my team, and they make up about 30% of the headcount, but their roles mostly cover product management, UX design and QA – only a fraction of the coding engineers are female. A stroll down my office floor paints a similar picture.

This observation has been perhaps the only negative part of software engineering I’ve encountered so far. Reading up on the subject, I think that this is a problem endemic to the west, a cultural stigma which stereotypes programmers as predominantly male. Only 16% of computer science undergraduates in the UK are female, a shocking statistic, whilst in India the balance is more like 50-50. I think our academic systems need shaking up, and many more young people should be exposed to and encouraged to take an interest in engineering and logic-based activities from an earlier age.

This is an eye-opening read: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/aug/08/why-are-there-so-few-women-in-tech-the-truth-behind-the-google-memo

A career for life

I made a mistake when I began applying for jobs. At the top of my CV, below my email address, I added my phone number. At the time I figured that it’s just something everyone does, after all it’s much easier to answer any questions a potential employer has if you can converse with them directly. Unfortunately I had underestimated the demand for developers. Tens of recruitment companies grabbed my public CV within hours of me posting it online, and in the beginning it worked in my favour – by the end of the following day I had secured 3 face-to-face interviews and a few telephone interviews, and by the end of the following week I had a choice of job offers. But despite wiping my CV from all of the places I had posted it, 6 months on I still receive a phone call at least once a week, and receive a couple of direct emails per day, all asking if i’d be interested in new opportunities.

It’s a bit annoying, but I don’t mind it so much. It can be very insightful and interesting talking with some recruiters, who are happy to spend time talking to you even when they know you’re not looking to move on any time soon. It gives me a lot of confidence that when the time comes for me to move on from my current job (which I don’t intend to do for a while), all it should take is a few calls and emails at most. I’m in a lucky position, where employers (generally speaking) compete for candidates, rather than the opposite. It also presents the possibility of taking a break from my career, to perhaps travel or learn something new, and then being able to get a job once I’m ready to. It’s very comforting.

Share your experiences

Have you had any different experiences? Do you have any other tips for new techies? Please, share them in the comments, or feel free to ask questions!

Image credit: Tirza van Dijk

Self-taught coder? My thoughts on getting your first tech job

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I’m not the only person who learned to code in their spare time and then hoped to start a career in tech. I see more and more posts on forums, and meet more and more meetup attendees who are in the same shoes I was in just a few months ago; No formal qualifications, just a few amateur apps on their phones and a raging desire to break into the industry. I know how it feels to not know how you could possibly stand out to employers whilst large swathes of computer science graduates are applying for the same roles that you are. I felt completely out of my depth and a large part of me had worried that I’d made a terrible mistake, sacrificing so much for an unachievable pipe dream.

Thankfully, my own gamble paid off, and those sacrifices were absolutely worthwhile. I made a few mistakes along the way though. There are lots of things that I wished I had known in advance or could have done better in order to land the right job for me. Having been through this process, I’d like to share a few of the things that I learned that might be useful for fellow DIY-ers.

 

You have what it takes

The biggest hurdle I had to overcome was the fear that I was so severely under-qualified for the jobs that were being advertised. I didn’t see a single job ad that didn’t have most or all of these requirements, in some form or another:

  • At least 2 years’ commercial experience
  • University-level degree in computer science or similar
  • At least one app on the app store
  • Experience in TDD, BDD, DDD, SQL, TCP/IP, HTTP, HTML, CSS, RESTful API, XML, JSON, CI, CD, etc. etc. etc.

In the meantime there’s surely thousands of recent graduates, or teenagers with unpaid work experience, fighting for the same positions that you are, and probably match quite a lot of the criteria. How do you compete with that?

‘At least 2 years’ commercial experience’

The obvious problem with this is the chicken/egg paradox. How do you get experience without first getting a job? how do you get a job without experience? Employers are actually well aware of this and I’m beginning to see this requirement crop up less and less in junior-level job ads. But even if it’s there, don’t take it as gospel; it’s more of an indication that an employer doesn’t expect to have to teach you how to write simple code, and expects that you’ve spent a lot of time learning as much as you can, with at least a passable amount of skill to be able to do the job. Companies know that when they hire junior-level developers, they’re not going to have found someone who can just turn up on day one and start shipping awesome new features.

‘University-level degree in computer science or similar’ (and ‘Experience in x / y / z…’)

I grappled with this in my mind, and had considered spending £1,000’s on intensive bootcamps or Masters degrees to level-out the playing field a little. That was until I began speaking to developers at some of the free evening meetups around London. It turns out that while students at colleges and universities were being taught how to code (algorithms, data science etc), they’re not actually trained to be software engineers. Anyone can write a ‘for’ loop. Not everyone can spin up an EC2 instance, or set up analytics tools. I realised that as long as I could write good, clean code, and be able to demonstrate my abilities (either through my open source projects, or coding on a whiteboard) I could learn the rest on the job. And it turns out that employers feel the same way.

‘At least one app on the app store’

Fair enough, this is one where I would certainly encourage you to achieve this before approaching employers. Whether it’s a mobile app, website or a plugin/library, build something from scratch, and publish it. It’s hugely advantageous to be able to demonstrate to an employer that you can take an idea from concept – to development – to shipped, because that’s what your job will actually be. Fortunately this is most likely something that you’ll have done as part of your own learning. If you haven’t shipped anything yet, it’s very easy to do so, and there are a lot of free online resources (not to mention platform/store documentation) that will walk you through the processes. Get your code out into the wild!

My main point here is that you probably know more than you think you do, and anything you don’t know, you should be willing to learn either on-the-job or before you start. You most likely have what it takes.

 

It’s all about Clean Code

After about 12 months of teaching myself to code using books, youtube and online ‘how-to’s, I felt that I had learned enough to call myself a developer. I could build Android apps from the ground up, and had even published my first. I could read other people’s code and more-or-less understand all of what was going on in there, and I had explored various platform APIs. There’s a very popular twice-annual tech job fair in London called the Silicon Milkroundabout and I figured that I’d attend, not to land myself a job but to actually talk to people in the industry and get a flavour of what to expect (and by the way, I’d recommend doing this yourself). I got chatting to a guy at one of the booths and asked him what I should do to take my skills to the next level. He had one piece of advice, which was to read Clean Code by Robert C. Martin (‘Uncle Bob’, as he’s affectionately known throughout the industry):

 

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The code examples in the book are mostly written in Java, but the lessons apply to a heap of languages. I read this book from beginning to end, then went back and re-read quite a few parts. Then I looked back at some of the code I’d written before I bought the book, and was disgusted! It’s certainly one thing to know how to code, but if you write code that’s messy and not easily understood by someone else, then you’re going to struggle. Read this book, and others in the series. Learn about S.O.L.I.D. principles (I was asked about my knowledge of those in every interview I had), and the other lessons that this book contains. Doing so will be hugely advantageous, I promise you.

 

Your attitude is what really counts

You’ll hear people say this, that attitude is just as important as aptitude, but it’s more true than I thought. In fact if you’re trying to land your very first job in tech, I would say it’s even more important than your ability to code. Why? Because, if you’ve been reading up until now, you’ll probably have realised that your skills are in short supply. Employers know this about you already. What they’ll be looking for is someone with the right attitude; the sort of person who has a real passion for coding, and has enough enthusiasm to learn both on the job and in their spare time. I’m quickly realising that software developers must be life-long students, constantly keeping their skills relevant and up to date as technology evolves and changes. Your skills in C++ or Java might not be as relevant in 30 years’ time as they are today, and you need to have a passion for learning to have a successful career.

Show your passion in your cover letter, and let it flow out of you during your interviews, and you’ll be on to a winner.

 

You’ll never ‘feel’ ready

My biggest mistake is spending too much time trying to learn as much as I could, and publish loads of apps. I’ll be honest; I began learning to code in late 2014, and I didn’t feel ready enough to throw my already well-established career in media away and take my dream tech career seriously. For all the reasons earlier in this post, I just didn’t think that I was ready to approach employers just yet. I was thinking to myself, just launch another app, contribute to a few more open-source projects, I’ll get there eventually. But two years later I still hadn’t even written a CV. When I finally did, and began applying for job vacancies, I still didn’t feel prepared enough. I thought I’d be laughed out of the interviews. That’s why I was so surprised when the job offers started coming thick and fast…

 

They need you more than you need them

This might not be so relevant in years to come, but presently, the rumours are true: There is a huge shortage of coding skills, and a huge demand. Tech companies are competing with each other to snap up talent. This was very different to I was used to, since the media industry is the opposite way around (lots of graduates wanting to work in media, but not a lot of jobs available). I don’t think that you should take this to mean that you don’t need a decent skill level before applying for jobs, because that won’t work to your advantage in the future, but believe me when I say that right now, those employers want you, and they’re paying a lot of money for people like you.

Because of this, when you start applying on job boards (Get on as many as you can. I’d recommend Stack Overflow‘s job board, it has a lot of opportunities on there and provides you with a fantastic profile, which can work in favour of people with no experience), don’t be surprised to get flooded with emails from both recruitment consultants and direct from employers. A quick note on 3rd party recruiters, which I may get some challenging comments about, but don’t assume that they’re out to swindle you. I had some very good experiences with most of them, and I learned a lot from what they had to say.

 

I hope that this helps to allay some of your fears about finding your dream tech job. If you’ve found it useful or if you have stories of your own, then I’d love to hear from you – comment below or get in touch!

My first weeks as a Software Engineer

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“Engineer”.

That’s got a great ring to it, hasn’t it? What a great word.

It’s a badge that I now wear proudly. Six months ago, after a lot of hard work, planning, soul-searching and ball-finding, I made the toughest decision of my life; end my half-decade strong career in media to focus on my dream of becoming a developer. Until that point, I had been nurturing a passion for writing code in my spare time, building mobile apps as a hobby. I had come to realise that I loved building apps more that I loved my job, and I’ve always believed that enjoying your job is incredibly important. So I took the risk, believing it was worth it, and left my job to focus on building my development portfolio and applying for junior roles.

And boy, did it pay off.

After just 3 months of unemployment, coding hard and learning hard for 8-10 hours every day, I finally convinced a handful of tech companies that I had what it takes to work for them, and I accepted an amazing opportunity at a global, well-established and exciting company based in London, as an Associate Software Engineer.

Now the challenge begins.

 

My First Week

The first thing I did once meeting my new colleagues was set up my new desk. Easy enough; A brand new Macbook Pro with 2 large external monitors, and a bunch of devices I’d be building software for. This is so cool.

A few more introductions later and I find myself pairing with a senior engineer on my team. We’re just 3 minutes into our conversation when I begin to realise: I know nothing.

I’d spent countless hours teaching myself how to write algorithms, how to build UIs, how to build and run code, how to publish my apps through the app stores. I thought I’d at least be able to hit the ground running with those skills under my belt. What I hadn’t realised is that there’s a whole other layer of understanding (and a whole lot of acronyms). Here’s a few things I had little or no knowledge of:

  • CI
  • Deployment pipelines
  • AWS
  • EC2 instances
  • DynamoDB
  • QA environments
  • Kibana
  • Grafana
  • multiple git branches
  • Architecture frameworks
  • APIs
  • Specflow

There’s a tonne more stuff that I had either never heard of or just didn’t spend the time looking into, and a lot of things that I just wouldn’t have been exposed to before.

This was going to be a rough few weeks.

 

My first month

A month in, things are making a little more sense. The most humbling experience has been discovering that there is no shortage of experienced engineers who are eager to spend as much time as it takes to help you out with what you don’t know. Without actively seeking one, I quickly established several mentors, each of whom enthusiastically passing on their knowledge to the newer generation. As one of them often points out, they’ve all been in exactly the same place that I’m currently in, and they know exactly what it’s like to feel as overwhelmed as I do. Perhaps I’ve just found the right company to work for, but I’d wager that this kind of attitude is endemic within this industry, which is an amazing thing.

I’ve already built features, fixed bugs and have seen my code shipped to thousands of users in six countries, which I’m immensely proud of. As every day passes, I’m getting a better of understanding of the company’s tech stack, and have made a point of working on things that challenge my knowledge in order to learn as fast and effectively as possible.

 

From here

I took great encouragement from forums, bloggers and people I met at various tech meetups during this journey, and I still do. Perhaps the thing I love most about this industry is the community; there are thousands of people giving out advice, writing how-to’s, sharing code, sharing stories and giving their time away for free, without wanting anything in return, and I find those people to be an inspiration. So through this new blog of mine, I hope to give something back to the community. I’ll use this as a platform for sharing some of the things I learn, reflecting on life in the tech industry, and to help and support others with similar ambitions as much as I can.

If you have any feedback, questions or just want to get in touch, I’d love to hear from you!